HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
FROM 2
END OF TERM 3 2022 EXAMINATION
MARKING SCHEME
ANSWER ALL QUESTION
- Give the meaning of history. (1mk)
- Study of man’s past events and activities.
- Name the scientific theory that explains the origin of human being. (1mk)
- The evolution theory/xxxxxxx
- State five uses of fire by early man. (5mks)
- Provided warmth
- to scare animals
- cooking and roasting
- providing light
- hardening tools/pots
- for communication
- State four ways in which people in developing countries are affected by food shortage. (4mk)
- Suffer malnutrition/poor/health
- Loss of life/death
- People have to rely on relief food/food aid
- The little food available becomes expensive
- increased insecurity/ people steal food
- Agricultural based industries lack law materials and unemployment
- children drop out of school because of hunger
- decrease in population
- many people become refugees
- money meant for economic is used to buy food
- malnutrition diseases
- Name one method of irrigation used in development of early agriculture. (1mks)
- basin
- canal
- shadow
- a. Give five reasons for the migration of the Luo during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
- population pressure
- search for pressure water for their livestock
- escape form hostile neighbours
- internal conflicts
- diseases and epidemics
- spent of adventure
b. Explain the effect of the luo migration and settlement in western Kenya. (10mks)
- displaced communities they came across
- cultural exchange with their neighbours
- population increase in areas they settled
- conflicts with neighbours over ground land etc
- intermarriage with neighbouring communities
- traded with neighbours
- assimilated some communities
- a. Name three early visitors to East Africa coast up to 1500 AD. (3mks)
- Greeks
- Chinese
- Arabs
- romans
- Persians
b. State four factors that enabled early visitors to come to East Africa Coast. (4mks)
- existence of monsoon winds
- accessibility of the coast by sea
- availability of funds for trade
- availability of sailing vessels
- relative peace around the coast
- know of boat – making
- deep harbours at the coast
- Explain five effects of Portuguese rule in the East Africa Coast. (10mks)
- Built fort Jesus for Defence purpose which later becomes a tourist attraction.
- Introduced new crops
- Harsh and cruel manner of suppressing rebellious led to loss of lives
- Constant rebellious against the Portuguese rule interfered with trading activities leading to its decline.
- The coastal towns that resisted their rule were destroyed and left in ruins.
- Educated coastal people on how to use animal manure in farming and thus increased crop yields
- Some word borrowed form Portuguese languages were used to enrich Kiswahili language
- they imposed heavy taxation which improver shed the coastal people
- They fostered good relation between East Africa and India.
- Identify two methods of trade. (2mks)
- Barter
- currency
- Give four methods used to acquire slaves in West Africa during the trans- Atlantic trade. (4mks)
- Selling of subjects by rulers
- raiding
- Exchanging of people with manufactured goods
- Kidnapping lonely
- Give three disadvantages of motor vehicle. (3 mk)
- Explain five results of Trans- Atlantic trade in West Africa. (10mks)
- List three forms of print – Media. (3mks)
- Identify five uses of bronze in pre- colonial Africa. (5mk)
- Explain five factors that have promoted Industrialization in India. (10mks)
- Give two reasons why early urban centres in ancient Egypt development in the Nile Valley (2mks)
- Give five factors that led to early urbanization. (5mks)
- Give five functions of Cairo. (5mks)
- Identify one reason that led to decline of xxxxxxxxx
- Identify one way of becoming a Kenyan citizen. (5mk)
- Give five factor that limit national unity. (5mks)
